Note: I am not a professional fashion historian. If you spot any inconsistency or outright fallacy somewhere in the picture descriptions please feel free (or even better, obliged) to let me know!
ca. 1500, French - Tours
Bibliothèque de Genève
Comites Latentes 124: Book of Hours
fol. 205v - Saint Catherine of Alexandria
second half of the 15th century Italy
The Mystical Marriage of Saint Catherine of Alexandria by Bernardino di Betto (Pinturicchio)
Vatican Pinacoteca
http://www.lib-art.com/artgallery/2690-the-mystical-marriage-of-st-catheri-pinturicchio.html
14th century (1355-1365), Bohemian
Mary with baby Jesus, Saints Catherine of Alexandria and Margaret of Antioch
Hluboká nad Vltavou, Alšova jihočeská galerie
http://tethys.imareal.oeaw.ac.at/realonline/
no. 012946
early 16th century (1505-1515) Austria?
altar painting - Saints Barbara, Catherine of Alexandria, Pantaleon and Margaret
St. Pölten, Landesmuseum Niederösterreich
http://tethys.imareal.oeaw.ac.at/realonline/
no. 008808
beginning of the 16th century (1500-1510) Austria
altar painting in Filialkirche in Möderndorf, Austria- Catherine of Alexandria
http://tethys.imareal.oeaw.ac.at/realonline/
no. 001765
early 15th century (ca.1409) France
New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Cloisters
Belles Heures of Jean de France, Duc de Berry - illuminated by brothers (Herman, Paul and Jean) Limbourg
fol. 18r - execution of St Catherine of Alexandria
http://blog.metmuseum.org/artofillumination/manuscript-pages/folio-18r/
16th century (1500-1520) Bohemia
wood carving, St Catherine of Alexandria
(Czech republic) Český Krumlov, Regionální muzeum
http://tethys.imareal.oeaw.ac.at/realonline/
no. 14515
St. Catherine of Alexandria, Ambrosio Bergognone
15th century (1495) Italy
Ambrogio di Stefano da Fossano (il Bergognone) - St Catherine of Alexandria
fresco, currently in the Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bergognone_-_St_Catherine_of_Alexandria_-_WGA01945.jpg
15th century (1425-1450) France
Austin, University of Texas at Austin, Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center
HRC 008 - Belleville Hours
fol. 51r - St Catherine with donor (of Belleville family)
http://app.cul.columbia.edu:8080/exist/scriptorium/individual/TxAuHRH-10.xml?
15th century (1485-1499) France
University of Texas at Austin, Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center, HRC 006
fol. 115v - St Catherine of Alexandria
http://app.cul.columbia.edu:8080/exist/scriptorium/individual/TxAuHRH-3.xml?